What is a Canada eTA?

Understanding the Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) for Canada

An Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) is an entry requirement for visa-exempt foreign nationals traveling to Canada by air.

It is electronically linked to a traveler’s passport and is valid for up to five years or until the passport expires, whichever comes first. If you obtain a new passport, you must apply for a new eTA.

With a valid eTA, you can travel to Canada as often as you want for short stays (usually up to six months at a time). An eTA is not required for domestic travel within Canada.

Important: An eTA does not guarantee entry into Canada. Upon arrival, a border services officer will verify your passport and other documents. You must demonstrate to the officer that you are eligible to enter Canada.

Who Needs an eTA to Travel to Canada?

There are four types of travelers with different eTA requirements:

1. Travelers Who Need an eTA

• Visa-exempt foreign nationals need an eTA to fly to or transit through a Canadian airport.
• These travelers do not require an eTA if arriving by car, bus, train, or boat (including cruise ships).

2. Travelers Who May Be Eligible to Apply for an eTA

• Citizens of select visa-required countries may be eligible to apply for an eTA (instead of a visitor visa) to travel to Canada by air.
• These travelers must obtain a visitor visa if traveling by car, bus, train, or boat, including cruise ships.

3. Travelers Who Cannot Apply for an eTA and Need Other Identification

• Canadian citizens, including dual citizens, must travel with a valid Canadian passport. American-Canadians can use a valid Canadian or U.S. passport.

  Canadian permanent residents need a valid Permanent Resident (PR) card or Permanent Resident Travel Document.

  • Note: PR status does not expire. If you previously lived in Canada, you may still hold PR status. Verify this to avoid travel delays.
• Visa-required travelers, including holders of alien’s passports and stateless individuals, cannot apply for an eTA and must obtain a visa.

4. Travelers Exempt from the eTA Requirement

• U.S. citizens are exempt from the eTA requirement. They must carry valid identification, such as a U.S. passport.

  Lawful permanent residents of the U.S. are also exempt but must carry:

  • Proof of U.S. permanent resident status (e.g., Green Card or equivalent).
  • A valid passport from their country of nationality (or an equivalent travel document).

For a complete list of acceptable documents for lawful U.S. permanent residents, consult the official guidelines.