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Understanding the Different Types of China Visas
China issues several types of visas based on the purpose of your visit. Here is a clear overview of the most common China visas and their intended purposes:
Tourist Visa (L Visa)
A Tourist Visa is intended for those visiting China for sightseeing, tourism, or visiting friends and family.
- Usually single-entry, double-entry, or multiple-entry
- Validity ranges from 30 days to 10 years
Business Visa (M Visa)
A Business Visa is for visitors traveling to China for commercial and trade activities, including attending meetings, conferences, or negotiations.
- Typically single-entry, double-entry, or multiple-entry
- Valid for 30, 60, 90 days per stay, or up to 10 years
Work Visa (Z Visa)
This visa is required for those intending to work legally in China.
- Initially issued for 30 days; must be converted into a residence permit after arrival
- Applicants must provide employment documentation from their employer in China
Student Visa (X1/X2 Visa)
Student Visas are categorized based on the length of study:
- X1 Visa: For studies longer than 180 days (requires residence permit after arrival)
- X2 Visa: For short-term studies of 180 days or less
Crew Visa (C Visa)
Issued to foreign crew members working on international trains, flights, ships, and motor vehicle drivers engaged in cross-border transport.
- Usually short-term entry, valid for transit only
Transit Visa (G Visa)
Required if transiting through China to reach another destination country.
- Short-term validity
- Typically for 7–10 days maximum
Private Visit Visa (S Visa)
Designed for foreigners visiting family members working or studying in China:
- S1 Visa: For long-term family visits (over 180 days)
- S2 Visa: For short-term family visits (up to 180 days)
Family Reunion Visa (Q Visa)
Issued to family members of Chinese citizens or foreigners with Chinese permanent residence:
- Q1 Visa: For long-term visits, requiring a residence permit after arrival
- Q2 Visa: Short-term visits up to 180 days
Journalist Visa (J Visa)
Issued specifically for journalists:
- J1 Visa: For journalists stationed in China for longer periods
- J2 Visa: For journalists making short-term visits